私有活动是其他应用程序无法启动的活动,因此它是最安全的活动。
当使用仅在应用程序中使用的活动(私有活动)时,只要你对类使用显示意图,那么你不必担心将它意外发送到任何其他应用程序。 但是,第三方应用程序可能会读取用于启动活动的意图。 因此,如果你将敏感信息放入用于启动活动的意图中,有必要采取对策,来确保它不会被恶意第三方读取。
下面展示了如何创建私有活动的示例代码。
要点(创建活动):
不要指定taskAffinity
。
不要指定launchMode
。
将导出属性明确设置为false
。
仔细和安全地处理收到的意图,即使意图从相同的应用发送。
敏感信息可以发送,因为它发送和接收所有同一应用中的信息。
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="org.jssec.android.activity.privateactivity" >
<application
android:allowBackup="false"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<!-- Private activity -->
<!-- *** POINT 1 *** Do not specify taskAffinity -->
<!-- *** POINT 2 *** Do not specify launchMode -->
<!-- *** POINT 3 *** Explicitly set the exported attribute to false. -->
<activity
android:name=".PrivateActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:exported="false" />
<!-- Public activity launched by launcher -->
<activity
android:name=".PrivateUserActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:exported="true" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
PrivateActivity.java
package org.jssec.android.activity.privateactivity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class PrivateActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.private_activity);
// *** POINT 4 *** Handle the received Intent carefully and securely, even though the Intent was sent from the same application.
// Omitted, since this is a sample. Please refer to "3.2 Handling Input Data Carefully and Securely."
String param = getIntent().getStringExtra("PARAM");
Toast.makeText(this, String.format("Received param: ¥"%s¥"", param), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
public void onReturnResultClick(View view) {
// *** POINT 5 *** Sensitive information can be sent since it is sending and receiving all within the same application.
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.putExtra("RESULT", "Sensitive Info");
setResult(RESULT_OK, intent);
finish();
}
}
下面展示如何使用私有活动的示例代码。
要点(使用活动);
不要为意图设置FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK
标志来启动活动。
使用显式意图,以及用于调用相同应用中的活动的特定的类。
由于目标活动位于同一个应用中,因此只能通过putExtra()
发送敏感信息 [1]。
警告:如果不遵守第 1, 2 和 6 点,第三方可能会读到意图。 更多详细信息,请参阅第 4.1.2.2 和 4.1.2.3 节。
PrivateUserActivity.java
package org.jssec.android.activity.privateactivity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class PrivateUserActivity extends Activity {
private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 1;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.user_activity);
}
public void onUseActivityClick(View view) {
// *** POINT 6 *** Do not set the FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK flag for intents to start an activity.
// *** POINT 7 *** Use the explicit Intents with the class specified to call an activity in the same application.
Intent intent = new Intent(this, PrivateActivity.class);
// *** POINT 8 *** Sensitive information can be sent only by putExtra() since the destination activity is in the same application.
intent.putExtra("PARAM", "Sensitive Info");
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE);
}
@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) return;
switch (requestCode) {
case REQUEST_CODE:
String result = data.getStringExtra("RESULT");
// *** POINT 9 *** Handle the received data carefully and securely,
// even though the data comes from an activity within the same application.
// Omitted, since this is a sample. Please refer to "3.2 Handling Input Data Carefully and Securely."
Toast.makeText(this, String.format("Received result: ¥"%s¥"", result), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
}
}
}