5.5 处理隐私数据
5.5.2 规则书

安卓应用安全指南 (Android Application Secure Design/Secure Coding Guidebook)

5.5.1 示例代码

在准备应用的隐私政策时，你可以使用“协助创建应用隐私政策的工具” [29]。 这些工具以 HTML 格式和 XML 格式输出两个文件 - 应用隐私策略的摘要版本和详细版本。 这些文件的 HTML 和 XML 内容符合 MIC SPI 的建议，包括搜索标签等特性。 在下面的示例代码中，我们将演示此工具的用法，并使用由这个工具产生的 HTML 文件来展示程序隐私策略。

[29] http://www.kddilabs.jp/tech/public-tech/appgen.html

更具体地说，你可以使用以下流程图来确定使用哪个示例代码。

这里，“广泛同意”一词，指代广泛许可，由用户在应用的首次加载时，通过展示和查看程序隐私策略授予应用，用于应用将用户数据传输到服务器。 相反，短语“特定同意”指代在传输特定用户数据之前，立即获得的预先同意。

5.5.1.1 授予广泛同意和特定同意：包含应用隐私政策的应用

要点：

  1. 首次加载（或应用更新）时，获得广泛同意，来传输将由应用处理的用户数据。
  2. 如果用户未授予广泛同意，请勿传输用户数据。
  3. 在传输需要特别细致的处理的用户数据之前获得特定同意。
  4. 如果用户未授予特定同意，请勿传输相应的数据。
  5. 向用户提供可以查看应用隐私策略的方法。
  6. 提供通过用户操作删除传输的数据的方法。
  7. 提供通过用户操作停止数据传输的方法。
  8. 使用 UUID 或 cookie 来跟踪用户数据。
  9. 将应用隐私策略的摘要版本放置在素材文件夹中。

MainActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicy;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.jssec.android.privacypolicy.ConfirmFragment.DialogListener;
import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesUtil;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient;
import android.location.Location;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentSender;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity 
    implements GooglePlayServicesClient.ConnectionCallbacks, 
    GooglePlayServicesClient.OnConnectionFailedListener, DialogListener {
    
    private static final String BASE_URL = "https://www.example.com/pp";
    private static final String GET_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/get_id.php";
    private static final String SEND_DATA_URI = BASE_URL + "/send_data.php";
    private static final String DEL_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/del_id.php";
    private static final String ID_KEY = "id";
    private static final String LOCATION_KEY = "location";
    private static final String NICK_NAME_KEY = "nickname";
    private static final String PRIVACY_POLICY_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREED_KEY = "privacyPolicyComprehensiveAgreed";
    private static final String PRIVACY_POLICY_DISCRETE_TYPE1_AGREED_KEY = "privacyPolicyDiscreteType1Agreed";
    private static final String PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME = "privacypolicy_preference";
    private static final int CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 257;
    private String UserId = "";
    private LocationClient mLocationClient = null;
    private final int DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT = 1;
    private final int DIALOG_TYPE_PRE_CONFIRMATION = 2;
    private static final int VERSION_TO_SHOW_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT_ANEW = 1;
    
    private TextWatcher watchHandler = new TextWatcher() {
        
        @Override
        public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
        }
        
        @Override
        public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
            boolean buttonEnable = (s.length() > 0);
            MainActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(buttonEnable);
        }
        
        @Override
        public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
        }
    };
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Fetch user ID from serverFetch user ID from server
        new GetDataAsyncTask().execute();
        findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(false);
        ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).addTextChangedListener(watchHandler);
        int resultCode = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
        if (resultCode == ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
            mLocationClient = new LocationClient(this, this, this);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        SharedPreferences pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
        int privacyPolicyAgreed = pref.getInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREED_KEY, -1);
        if (privacyPolicyAgreed <= VERSION_TO_SHOW_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT_ANEW) {
            // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit user data that will be handled by the application.
            // When the application is updated, it is only necessary to renew the user's grant of broad c
            onsent if the updated application will handle new types of user data.
            ConfirmFragment dialog = ConfirmFragment.newInstance(R.string.privacyPolicy, R.string.agreeP
            rivacyPolicy, DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT);
            dialog.setDialogListener(this);
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
            dialog.show(fragmentManager, "dialog");
        }
        // Used to obtain location data
        if (mLocationClient != null) {
            mLocationClient.connect();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        if (mLocationClient != null) {
            mLocationClient.disconnect();
        }
        super.onStop();
    }
    
    public void onSendToServer(View view) {
        // Check the status of user consent.
        // Actually, it is necessary to obtain consent for each user data type.
        SharedPreferences pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
        int privacyPolicyAgreed = pref.getInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_DISCRETE_TYPE1_AGREED_KEY, -1);
        if (privacyPolicyAgreed <= VERSION_TO_SHOW_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT_ANEW) {
            // *** POINT 3 *** Obtain specific consent before transmitting user data that requires particularly delicate handling.
            ConfirmFragment dialog = ConfirmFragment.newInstance(R.string.sendLocation, R.string.cofirmS
            endLocation, DIALOG_TYPE_PRE_CONFIRMATION);
            dialog.setDialogListener(this);
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
            dialog.show(fragmentManager, "dialog");
        } else {
            // Start transmission, since it has the user consent.
            onPositiveButtonClick(DIALOG_TYPE_PRE_CONFIRMATION);
        }
    }
    
    public void onPositiveButtonClick(int type) {
        if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT) {
            // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit user data that will be handled by the application.
            SharedPreferences.Editor pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
            pref.putInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREED_KEY, getVersionCode());
            pref.apply();
        } else if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_PRE_CONFIRMATION) {
            // *** POINT 3 *** Obtain specific consent before transmitting user data that requires particularly delicate handling.
            if (mLocationClient != null && mLocationClient.isConnected()) {
                Location currentLocation = mLocationClient.getLastLocation();
                if (currentLocation != null) {
                    String locationData = "Latitude:" + currentLocation.getLatitude() + ", Longitude:" +
                        currentLocation.getLongitude();
                    String nickname = ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).getText().toString();
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "¥n - nickname :
                        " + nickname + "¥n - location : " + locationData, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    new SendDataAsyncTack().execute(SEND_DATA_URI, UserId, locationData, nickname);
                }
            }
            // Store the status of user consent.
            // Actually, it is necessary to obtain consent for each user data type.
            SharedPreferences.Editor pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
            pref.putInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_DISCRETE_TYPE1_AGREED_KEY, getVersionCode());
            pref.apply();
        }
    }
    
    public void onNegativeButtonClick(int type) {
        if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT) {
            // *** POINT 2 *** If the user does not grant general consent, do not transmit user data.
            // In this sample application we terminate the application in this case.
            finish();
        } else if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_PRE_CONFIRMATION) {
            // *** POINT 4 *** If the user does not grant specific consent, do not transmit the correspon
            ding data.
            // The user did not grant consent, so we do nothing.
        }
    }
    
    private int getVersionCode() {
        int versionCode = -1;
        PackageManager packageManager = this.getPackageManager();
        try {
            PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
            versionCode = packageInfo.versionCode;
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            // This is sample, so omit the exception process
        }
        return versionCode;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.action_show_pp:
                // *** POINT 5 *** Provide methods by which the user can review the application privacy policy.
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setClass(this, WebViewAssetsActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_del_id:
                // *** POINT 6 *** Provide methods by which transmitted data can be deleted by user operations.
                new SendDataAsyncTack().execute(DEL_ID_URI, UserId);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_donot_send_id:
                // *** POINT 7 *** Provide methods by which transmitting data can be stopped by user operations.
                // If the user stop sending data, user consent is deemed to have been revoked.
                SharedPreferences.Editor pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
                pref.putInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREED_KEY, 0);
                pref.apply();
                // In this sample application if the user data cannot be sent by user operations,
                // finish the application because we do nothing.
                String message = getString(R.string.stopSendUserData);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                finish();
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
        if (mLocationClient != null && mLocationClient.isConnected()) {
            Location currentLocation = mLocationClient.getLastLocation();
            if (currentLocation != null) {
                String locationData = "Latitude ¥t: " + currentLocation.getLatitude() + "¥n¥tLongitude ¥t: " + currentLocation.getLongitude();
                String text = "¥n" + getString(R.string.your_location_title) + "¥n¥t" + locationData;
                TextView appText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.appText);
                appText.setText(text);
            }
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) {
        if (result.hasResolution()) {
            try {
                result.startResolutionForResult(this, CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST);
            } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onDisconnected() {
        mLocationClient = null;
    }
    
    private class GetDataAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
            // *** POINT 8 *** Use UUIDs or cookies to keep track of user data
            // In this sample we use an ID generated on the server side
            SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
            UserId = sp.getString(ID_KEY, null);
            if (UserId == null) {
                // No token in SharedPreferences; fetch ID from server
                try {
                    UserId = NetworkUtil.getCookie(GET_ID_URI, "", "id");
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                    extMessage = e.toString();
                }
                // Store the fetched ID in SharedPreferences
                sp.edit().putString(ID_KEY, UserId).commit();
            }
            return UserId;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(final String data) {
            String status = (data != null) ? "success" : "error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    
    private class SendDataAsyncTack extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
            String url = params[0];
            String id = params[1];
            String location = params.length > 2 ? params[2] : null;
            String nickname = params.length > 3 ? params[3] : null;
            Boolean result = false;
            try {
                JSONObject jsonData = new JSONObject();
                jsonData.put(ID_KEY, id);
                if (location != null)
                jsonData.put(LOCATION_KEY, location);
                if (nickname != null)
                jsonData.put(NICK_NAME_KEY, nickname);
                NetworkUtil.sendJSON(url, "", jsonData.toString());
                result = true;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                extMessage = e.toString();
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                extMessage = e.toString();
            }
            return result;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean result) {
            String status = result ? "Success" : "Error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

ConfirmFragment.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicy;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ConfirmFragment extends DialogFragment {
    private DialogListener mListener = null;
    
    public static interface DialogListener {
        public void onPositiveButtonClick(int type);
        public void onNegativeButtonClick(int type);
    }
    
    public static ConfirmFragment newInstance(int title, int sentence, int type) {
        ConfirmFragment fragment = new ConfirmFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putInt("title", title);
        args.putInt("sentence", sentence);
        args.putInt("type", type);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }
    
    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle args) {
        // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit user data that will be handled by the application.
        // *** POINT 3 *** Obtain specific consent before transmitting user data that requires particularly delicate handling.
        final int title = getArguments().getInt("title");
        final int sentence = getArguments().getInt("sentence");
        final int type = getArguments().getInt("type");
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        View content = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_comfirm, null);
        TextView linkPP = (TextView) content.findViewById(R.id.tx_link_pp);
        linkPP.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // *** POINT 5 *** Provide methods by which the user can review the application privacy policy.
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setClass(getActivity(), WebViewAssetsActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
        builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        builder.setTitle(title);
        builder.setMessage(sentence);
        builder.setView(content);
        builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.buttonConsent, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                if (mListener != null) {
                    mListener.onPositiveButtonClick(type);
                }
            }
        });
        builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.buttonDonotConsent, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                if (mListener != null) {
                    mListener.onNegativeButtonClick(type);
                }
            }
        });
        Dialog dialog = builder.create();
        dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);
        return dialog;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        if (!(activity instanceof DialogListener)) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() + " must implement DialogListener.");
        }
        mListener = (DialogListener) activity;
    }
    
    public void setDialogListener(DialogListener listener) {
        mListener = listener;
    }
}

WebViewAssetsActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicy;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;

public class WebViewAssetsActivity extends Activity {

    // *** POINT 9 *** Place a summary version of the application privacy policy in the assets folder
    private static final String ABST_PP_URL = "file:///android_asset/PrivacyPolicy/app-policy-abst-privacypolicy-1.0.html";
    
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);
        WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
        WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setAllowFileAccess(false);
        webView.loadUrl(ABST_PP_URL);
    }
}

5.5.1.2 授予广泛同意：包含应用隐私政策的应用

要点：

  1. 首次加载（或应用更新）时，获得广泛同意，来传输将由应用处理的用户数据。
  2. 如果用户未授予广泛同意，请勿传输用户数据。
  3. 向用户提供可以查看应用隐私策略的方法。
  4. 提供通过用户操作删除传输的数据的方法。
  5. 提供通过用户操作停止数据传输的方法。
  6. 使用 UUID 或 cookie 来跟踪用户数据。
  7. 将应用隐私策略的摘要版本放置在素材文件夹中。

MainActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm;

import java.io.IOException;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm.MainActivity;
import org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm.R;
import org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm.ConfirmFragment.DialogListener;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements DialogListener {

    private final String BASE_URL = "https://www.example.com/pp";
    private final String GET_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/get_id.php";
    private final String SEND_DATA_URI = BASE_URL + "/send_data.php";
    private final String DEL_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/del_id.php";
    private final String ID_KEY = "id";
    private final String NICK_NAME_KEY = "nickname";
    private final String IMEI_KEY = "imei";
    private final String PRIVACY_POLICY_AGREED_KEY = "privacyPolicyAgreed";
    private final String PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME = "privacypolicy_preference";
    private String UserId = "";
    private final int DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT = 1;
    private final int VERSION_TO_SHOW_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT_ANEW = 1;
    
    private TextWatcher watchHandler = new TextWatcher() {
        
        @Override
        public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
        }
        
        @Override
        public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
            boolean buttonEnable = (s.length() > 0);
            MainActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(buttonEnable);
        }
        
        @Override
        public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
        }
    };
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Fetch user ID from serverFetch user ID from server
        new GetDataAsyncTask().execute();
        findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(false);
        ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).addTextChangedListener(watchHandler);
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        SharedPreferences pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
        int privacyPolicyAgreed = pref.getInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_AGREED_KEY, -1);
        if (privacyPolicyAgreed <= VERSION_TO_SHOW_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT_ANEW) {
            // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit user data that will be handled by the application.
            // When the application is updated, it is only necessary to renew the user's grant of broad consent if the updated application will handle new types of user data.
            ConfirmFragment dialog = ConfirmFragment.newInstance(R.string.privacyPolicy, R.string.agreePr
            ivacyPolicy, DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT);
            dialog.setDialogListener(this);
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
            dialog.show(fragmentManager, "dialog");
        }
    }
    
    public void onSendToServer(View view) {
        String nickname = ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).getText().toString();
        TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
        String imei = tm.getDeviceId();
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "¥n - nickname : " + nickname + ", imei = " + imei, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        new SendDataAsyncTack().execute(SEND_DATA_URI, UserId, nickname, imei);
    }
    
    public void onPositiveButtonClick(int type) {
        if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT) {
            // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit
            user data that will be handled by the application.
            SharedPreferences.Editor pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
            pref.putInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_AGREED_KEY, getVersionCode());
            pref.apply();
        }
    }
    
    public void onNegativeButtonClick(int type) {
        if (type == DIALOG_TYPE_COMPREHENSIVE_AGREEMENT) {
            // *** POINT 2 *** If the user does not grant general consent, do not transmit user data.
            // In this sample application we terminate the application in this case.
            finish();
        }
    }
    
    private int getVersionCode() {
        int versionCode = -1;
        PackageManager packageManager = this.getPackageManager();
        try {
            PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(this.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
            versionCode = packageInfo.versionCode;
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            // This is sample, so omit the exception process
        }
        return versionCode;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.action_show_pp:
                // *** POINT 3 *** Provide methods by which the user can review the application privacy policy.
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setClass(this, WebViewAssetsActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_del_id:
                // *** POINT 4 *** Provide methods by which transmitted data can be deleted by user operation
                s.
                new SendDataAsyncTack().execute(DEL_ID_URI, UserId);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_donot_send_id:
                // *** POINT 5 *** Provide methods by which transmitting data can be stopped by user operations.
                // If the user stop sending data, user consent is deemed to have been revoked.
                SharedPreferences.Editor pref = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
                pref.putInt(PRIVACY_POLICY_AGREED_KEY, 0);
                pref.apply();
                // In this sample application if the user data cannot be sent by user operations,
                // finish the application because we do nothing.
                String message = getString(R.string.stopSendUserData);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + message, Toast.L
                ENGTH_SHORT).show();
                finish();
                return true; 
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    private class GetDataAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
            // *** POINT 6 *** Use UUIDs or cookies to keep track of user data
            // In this sample we use an ID generated on the server side
            SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
            UserId = sp.getString(ID_KEY, null);
            if (UserId == null) {
                // No token in SharedPreferences; fetch ID from server
                try {
                    UserId = NetworkUtil.getCookie(GET_ID_URI, "", "id");
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                    extMessage = e.toString();
                }
                // Store the fetched ID in SharedPreferences
                sp.edit().putString(ID_KEY, UserId).commit();
            }
            return UserId;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(final String data) {
            String status = (data != null) ? "success" : "error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    
    private class SendDataAsyncTack extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
        
            String url = params[0];
            String id = params[1];
            String nickname = params.length > 2 ? params[2] : null;
            String imei = params.length > 3 ? params[3] : null;
            Boolean result = false;
            try {
                JSONObject jsonData = new JSONObject();
                jsonData.put(ID_KEY, id);
                if (nickname != null)
                    jsonData.put(NICK_NAME_KEY, nickname);
                if (imei != null)
                    jsonData.put(IMEI_KEY, imei);
                NetworkUtil.sendJSON(url, "", jsonData.toString());
                result = true;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                extMessage = e.toString();
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                extMessage = e.toString();
            }
            return result;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean result) {
            String status = result ? "Success" : "Error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

ConfirmFragment.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class ConfirmFragment extends DialogFragment {

    private DialogListener mListener = null;
    
    public static interface DialogListener {
        public void onPositiveButtonClick(int type);
        public void onNegativeButtonClick(int type);
    }
    
    public static ConfirmFragment newInstance(int title, int sentence, int type) {
        ConfirmFragment fragment = new ConfirmFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putInt("title", title);
        args.putInt("sentence", sentence);
        args.putInt("type", type);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }
    
    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle args) {
        // *** POINT 1 *** On first launch (or application update), obtain broad consent to transmit user data that will be handled by the application.
        final int title = getArguments().getInt("title");
        final int sentence = getArguments().getInt("sentence");
        final int type = getArguments().getInt("type");
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        View content = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_comfirm, null);
        TextView linkPP = (TextView) content.findViewById(R.id.tx_link_pp);
        linkPP.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // *** POINT 3 *** Provide methods by which the user can review the application privacy policy.
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setClass(getActivity(), WebViewAssetsActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
        builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
        builder.setTitle(title);
        builder.setMessage(sentence);
        builder.setView(content);
        builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.buttonConsent, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                if (mListener != null) {
                    mListener.onPositiveButtonClick(type);
                }
            }
        });
        builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.buttonDonotConsent, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
        
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                if (mListener != null) {
                    mListener.onNegativeButtonClick(type);
                }
            }
        });
        Dialog dialog = builder.create();
        dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false);
        return dialog;
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        if (!(activity instanceof DialogListener)) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() + " must implement DialogListener.");
        }
        mListener = (DialogListener) activity;
    }
    
    public void setDialogListener(DialogListener listener) {
        mListener = listener;
    }
}

WebViewAssetsActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm;

import org.jssec.android.privacypolicynopreconfirm.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;

public class WebViewAssetsActivity extends Activity {

    // *** POINT 7 *** Place a summary version of the application privacy policy in the assets folder
    private final String ABST_PP_URL = "file:///android_asset/PrivacyPolicy/app-policy-abst-privacypolicy-1.0.html";
    
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);
        WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
        WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setAllowFileAccess(false);
        webView.loadUrl(ABST_PP_URL);
    }
}

5.5.1.3 不需要广泛同意：包含应用隐私策略的应用

要点：

  1. 向用户提供查看应用隐私策略的方法。
  2. 提供通过用户操作删除传输的数据的方法。
  3. 提供通过用户操作停止数据传输的方法
  4. 使用 UUID 或 cookie 来跟踪用户数据。
  5. 将应用隐私策略的摘要版本放置在素材文件夹中。

MainActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynocomprehensive;

import java.io.IOException;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.TextWatcher;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

    private static final String BASE_URL = "https://www.example.com/pp";
    private static final String GET_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/get_id.php";
    private static final String SEND_DATA_URI = BASE_URL + "/send_data.php";
    private static final String DEL_ID_URI = BASE_URL + "/del_id.php";
    private static final String ID_KEY = "id";
    private static final String NICK_NAME_KEY = "nickname";
    private static final String PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME = "privacypolicy_preference";
    private String UserId = "";
    
    private TextWatcher watchHandler = new TextWatcher() {
        
        @Override
        public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {
        }
        
        @Override
        public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {
            boolean buttonEnable = (s.length() > 0);
            MainActivity.this.findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(buttonEnable);
        }
        
        @Override
        public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
        }
    };
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        // Fetch user ID from serverFetch user ID from server
        new GetDataAsyncTask().execute();
        findViewById(R.id.buttonStart).setEnabled(false);
        ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).addTextChangedListener(watchHandler);
    }
    
    public void onSendToServer(View view) {
        String nickname = ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.editTextNickname)).getText().toString();
        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + "¥n - nickname : " + nickname, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        new sendDataAsyncTack().execute(SEND_DATA_URI, UserId, nickname);
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case R.id.action_show_pp:
                // *** POINT 1 *** Provide methods by which the user can review the application privacy policy.
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setClass(this, WebViewAssetsActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_del_id:
                // *** POINT 2 *** Provide methods by which transmitted data can be deleted by user operations.
                new sendDataAsyncTack().execute(DEL_ID_URI, UserId);
                return true;
            case R.id.action_donot_send_id:
                // *** POINT 3 *** Provide methods by which transmitting data can be stopped by user operations.
                // In this sample application if the user data cannot be sent by user operations,
                // finish the application because we do nothing.
                String message = getString(R.string.stopSendUserData);
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                finish();
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    private class GetDataAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
            // *** POINT 4 *** Use UUIDs or cookies to keep track of user data
            // In this sample we use an ID generated on the server side
            SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences(PRIVACY_POLICY_PREF_NAME, MODE_PRIVATE);
            UserId = sp.getString(ID_KEY, null);
            if (UserId == null) {
                // No token in SharedPreferences; fetch ID from server
                try {
                    UserId = NetworkUtil.getCookie(GET_ID_URI, "", "id");
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                    extMessage = e.toString();
                }
                // Store the fetched ID in SharedPreferences
                sp.edit().putString(ID_KEY, UserId).commit();
            }
            return UserId;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(final String data) {
            String status = (data != null) ? "success" : "error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
    
    private class sendDataAsyncTack extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {
    
        private String extMessage = "";
        
        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
            String url = params[0];
            String id = params[1];
            String nickname = params.length > 2 ? params[2] : null;
            Boolean result = false;
            try {
                JSONObject jsonData = new JSONObject();
                jsonData.put(ID_KEY, id);
                if (nickname != null)
                    jsonData.put(NICK_NAME_KEY, nickname);
                NetworkUtil.sendJSON(url, "", jsonData.toString());
                result = true;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // Catch exceptions such as certification errors
                extMessage = e.toString();
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                extMessage = e.toString();
            }
            return result;
        }
        
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean result) {
            String status = result ? "Success" : "Error";
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + " - " + status + " : " +
                extMessage, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

WebViewAssetsActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynocomprehensive;

import org.jssec.android.privacypolicynocomprehensive.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;

public class WebViewAssetsActivity extends Activity {

    // *** POINT 5 *** Place a summary version of the application privacy policy in the assets folder
    private static final String ABST_PP_URL = "file:///android_asset/PrivacyPolicy/app-policy-abst-privacypolicy-1.0.html";
    
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);
        WebView webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
        WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
        webSettings.setAllowFileAccess(false);
        webView.loadUrl(ABST_PP_URL);
    }
}

5.5.1.4 不包含应用隐私策略的应用

要点：

  1. 如果你的应用只使用它在设备中获取的信息，则不需要显示应用隐私策略。
  2. 在市场应用或类似应用的文档中，请注意应用不会将其获取的信息传输到外部。

MainActivity.java

package org.jssec.android.privacypolicynoinfosent;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient;
import android.location.Location;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentSender;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements GooglePlayServicesClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
    GooglePlayServicesClient.OnConnectionFailedListener {

    private LocationClient mLocationClient = null;
    private final int CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 257;
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mLocationClient = new LocationClient(this, this, this);
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        // Used to obtain location data
        if (mLocationClient != null) {
            mLocationClient.connect();
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        if (mLocationClient != null) {
            mLocationClient.disconnect();
        }
        super.onStop();
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }
    
    public void onStartMap(View view) {
        // *** POINT 1 *** You do not need to display an application privacy policy if your application w
        ill only use the information it obtains within the device.
        if (mLocationClient != null && mLocationClient.isConnected()) {
            Location currentLocation = mLocationClient.getLastLocation();
            if (currentLocation != null) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("geo:" + currentLocation.getLatitude() + "," + currentLocation.getLongitude()));
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
        if (mLocationClient != null && mLocationClient.isConnected()) {
            Location currentLocation = mLocationClient.getLastLocation();
            if (currentLocation != null) {
                String locationData = "Latitude ¥t: " + currentLocation.getLatitude() + "¥n¥tLongitude ¥t: " + currentLocation.getLongitude();
                String text = "¥n" + getString(R.string.your_location_title) + "¥n¥t" + locationData;
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, this.getClass().getSimpleName() + text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                TextView appText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.appText);
                appText.setText(text);
            }
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult result) {
        if (result.hasResolution()) {
            try {
                result.startResolutionForResult(this, CONNECTION_FAILURE_RESOLUTION_REQUEST);
            } catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onDisconnected() {
        mLocationClient = null;
        Toast.makeText(this, "Disconnected. Please re-connect.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

市场上的示例如下。

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