選擇函數堆棧幀

例子

#include <stdio.h>

int func1(int a)
{
        return 2 * a;
}

int func2(int a)
{
        int c = 0;
        c = 2 * func1(a);
        return c;
}

int func3(int a)
{
        int c = 0;
        c = 2 * func2(a);
        return c;
}

int main(void)
{
        printf("%d\n", func3(10));
        return 0;
}

技巧

用gdb調試程序時,當程序暫停後,可以用“frame n”命令選擇函數堆棧幀,其中n是層數。以上面程序為例:

(gdb) b test.c:5
Breakpoint 1 at 0x40053d: file test.c, line 5.
(gdb) r
Starting program: /home/nanxiao/test

Breakpoint 1, func1 (a=10) at test.c:5
5               return 2 * a;
(gdb) bt
#0  func1 (a=10) at test.c:5
#1  0x0000000000400560 in func2 (a=10) at test.c:11
#2  0x0000000000400586 in func3 (a=10) at test.c:18
#3  0x000000000040059e in main () at test.c:24
(gdb) frame 2
#2  0x0000000000400586 in func3 (a=10) at test.c:18
18              c = 2 * func2(a);

可以看到程序斷住後,最內層的函數幀為第0幀。執行frame 2命令後,當前的堆棧幀變成了fun3的函數幀。

也可以用“frame addr”命令選擇函數堆棧幀,其中addr是堆棧地址。仍以上面程序為例:

(gdb) frame 2
#2  0x0000000000400586 in func3 (a=10) at test.c:18
18              c = 2 * func2(a);
(gdb) i frame
Stack level 2, frame at 0x7fffffffe590:
 rip = 0x400586 in func3 (test.c:18); saved rip = 0x40059e
 called by frame at 0x7fffffffe5a0, caller of frame at 0x7fffffffe568
 source language c.
 Arglist at 0x7fffffffe580, args: a=10
 Locals at 0x7fffffffe580, Previous frame's sp is 0x7fffffffe590
 Saved registers:
  rbp at 0x7fffffffe580, rip at 0x7fffffffe588
(gdb) frame 0x7fffffffe568
#1  0x0000000000400560 in func2 (a=10) at test.c:11
11              c = 2 * func1(a);

使用“i frame”命令可以知道0x7fffffffe568func2的函數堆棧幀地址,使用“frame 0x7fffffffe568”可以切換到func2的函數堆棧幀。

參見gdb手冊.

貢獻者

nanxiao


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